[dotnet] Add dotnet projects and examples

+ Sitemap generator I created while learning the dispose pattern
+ Testing project for learning general C#

dotnet/testing/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,454 @@
+## Ignore Visual Studio temporary files, build results, and
+## files generated by popular Visual Studio add-ons.
+##
+## Get latest from https://github.com/github/gitignore/blob/master/VisualStudio.gitignore
+
+# User-specific files
+*.rsuser
+*.suo
+*.user
+*.userosscache
+*.sln.docstates
+
+# User-specific files (MonoDevelop/Xamarin Studio)
+*.userprefs
+
+# Mono auto generated files
+mono_crash.*
+
+# Build results
+[Dd]ebug/
+[Dd]ebugPublic/
+[Rr]elease/
+[Rr]eleases/
+x64/
+x86/
+[Ww][Ii][Nn]32/
+[Aa][Rr][Mm]/
+[Aa][Rr][Mm]64/
+bld/
+[Bb]in/
+[Oo]bj/
+[Ll]og/
+[Ll]ogs/
+
+# Visual Studio 2015/2017 cache/options directory
+.vs/
+# Uncomment if you have tasks that create the project's static files in wwwroot
+#wwwroot/
+
+# Visual Studio 2017 auto generated files
+Generated\ Files/
+
+# MSTest test Results
+[Tt]est[Rr]esult*/
+[Bb]uild[Ll]og.*
+
+# NUnit
+*.VisualState.xml
+TestResult.xml
+nunit-*.xml
+
+# Build Results of an ATL Project
+[Dd]ebugPS/
+[Rr]eleasePS/
+dlldata.c
+
+# Benchmark Results
+BenchmarkDotNet.Artifacts/
+
+# .NET
+project.lock.json
+project.fragment.lock.json
+artifacts/
+
+# Tye
+.tye/
+
+# ASP.NET Scaffolding
+ScaffoldingReadMe.txt
+
+# StyleCop
+StyleCopReport.xml
+
+# Files built by Visual Studio
+*_i.c
+*_p.c
+*_h.h
+*.ilk
+*.meta
+*.obj
+*.iobj
+*.pch
+*.pdb
+*.ipdb
+*.pgc
+*.pgd
+*.rsp
+*.sbr
+*.tlb
+*.tli
+*.tlh
+*.tmp
+*.tmp_proj
+*_wpftmp.csproj
+*.log
+*.vspscc
+*.vssscc
+.builds
+*.pidb
+*.svclog
+*.scc
+
+# Chutzpah Test files
+_Chutzpah*
+
+# Visual C++ cache files
+ipch/
+*.aps
+*.ncb
+*.opendb
+*.opensdf
+*.sdf
+*.cachefile
+*.VC.db
+*.VC.VC.opendb
+
+# Visual Studio profiler
+*.psess
+*.vsp
+*.vspx
+*.sap
+
+# Visual Studio Trace Files
+*.e2e
+
+# TFS 2012 Local Workspace
+$tf/
+
+# Guidance Automation Toolkit
+*.gpState
+
+# ReSharper is a .NET coding add-in
+_ReSharper*/
+*.[Rr]e[Ss]harper
+*.DotSettings.user
+
+# TeamCity is a build add-in
+_TeamCity*
+
+# DotCover is a Code Coverage Tool
+*.dotCover
+
+# AxoCover is a Code Coverage Tool
+.axoCover/*
+!.axoCover/settings.json
+
+# Coverlet is a free, cross platform Code Coverage Tool
+coverage*.json
+coverage*.xml
+coverage*.info
+
+# Visual Studio code coverage results
+*.coverage
+*.coveragexml
+
+# NCrunch
+_NCrunch_*
+.*crunch*.local.xml
+nCrunchTemp_*
+
+# MightyMoose
+*.mm.*
+AutoTest.Net/
+
+# Web workbench (sass)
+.sass-cache/
+
+# Installshield output folder
+[Ee]xpress/
+
+# DocProject is a documentation generator add-in
+DocProject/buildhelp/
+DocProject/Help/*.HxT
+DocProject/Help/*.HxC
+DocProject/Help/*.hhc
+DocProject/Help/*.hhk
+DocProject/Help/*.hhp
+DocProject/Help/Html2
+DocProject/Help/html
+
+# Click-Once directory
+publish/
+
+# Publish Web Output
+*.[Pp]ublish.xml
+*.azurePubxml
+# Note: Comment the next line if you want to checkin your web deploy settings,
+# but database connection strings (with potential passwords) will be unencrypted
+*.pubxml
+*.publishproj
+
+# Microsoft Azure Web App publish settings. Comment the next line if you want to
+# checkin your Azure Web App publish settings, but sensitive information contained
+# in these scripts will be unencrypted
+PublishScripts/
+
+# NuGet Packages
+*.nupkg
+# NuGet Symbol Packages
+*.snupkg
+# The packages folder can be ignored because of Package Restore
+**/[Pp]ackages/*
+# except build/, which is used as an MSBuild target.
+!**/[Pp]ackages/build/
+# Uncomment if necessary however generally it will be regenerated when needed
+#!**/[Pp]ackages/repositories.config
+# NuGet v3's project.json files produces more ignorable files
+*.nuget.props
+*.nuget.targets
+
+# Microsoft Azure Build Output
+csx/
+*.build.csdef
+
+# Microsoft Azure Emulator
+ecf/
+rcf/
+
+# Windows Store app package directories and files
+AppPackages/
+BundleArtifacts/
+Package.StoreAssociation.xml
+_pkginfo.txt
+*.appx
+*.appxbundle
+*.appxupload
+
+# Visual Studio cache files
+# files ending in .cache can be ignored
+*.[Cc]ache
+# but keep track of directories ending in .cache
+!?*.[Cc]ache/
+
+# Others
+ClientBin/
+~$*
+*~
+*.dbmdl
+*.dbproj.schemaview
+*.jfm
+*.pfx
+*.publishsettings
+orleans.codegen.cs
+
+# Including strong name files can present a security risk
+# (https://github.com/github/gitignore/pull/2483#issue-259490424)
+#*.snk
+
+# Since there are multiple workflows, uncomment next line to ignore bower_components
+# (https://github.com/github/gitignore/pull/1529#issuecomment-104372622)
+#bower_components/
+
+# RIA/Silverlight projects
+Generated_Code/
+
+# Backup & report files from converting an old project file
+# to a newer Visual Studio version. Backup files are not needed,
+# because we have git ;-)
+_UpgradeReport_Files/
+Backup*/
+UpgradeLog*.XML
+UpgradeLog*.htm
+ServiceFabricBackup/
+*.rptproj.bak
+
+# SQL Server files
+*.mdf
+*.ldf
+*.ndf
+
+# Business Intelligence projects
+*.rdl.data
+*.bim.layout
+*.bim_*.settings
+*.rptproj.rsuser
+*- [Bb]ackup.rdl
+*- [Bb]ackup ([0-9]).rdl
+*- [Bb]ackup ([0-9][0-9]).rdl
+
+# Microsoft Fakes
+FakesAssemblies/
+
+# GhostDoc plugin setting file
+*.GhostDoc.xml
+
+# Node.js Tools for Visual Studio
+.ntvs_analysis.dat
+node_modules/
+
+# Visual Studio 6 build log
+*.plg
+
+# Visual Studio 6 workspace options file
+*.opt
+
+# Visual Studio 6 auto-generated workspace file (contains which files were open etc.)
+*.vbw
+
+# Visual Studio LightSwitch build output
+**/*.HTMLClient/GeneratedArtifacts
+**/*.DesktopClient/GeneratedArtifacts
+**/*.DesktopClient/ModelManifest.xml
+**/*.Server/GeneratedArtifacts
+**/*.Server/ModelManifest.xml
+_Pvt_Extensions
+
+# Paket dependency manager
+.paket/paket.exe
+paket-files/
+
+# FAKE - F# Make
+.fake/
+
+# CodeRush personal settings
+.cr/personal
+
+# Python Tools for Visual Studio (PTVS)
+__pycache__/
+*.pyc
+
+# Cake - Uncomment if you are using it
+# tools/**
+# !tools/packages.config
+
+# Tabs Studio
+*.tss
+
+# Telerik's JustMock configuration file
+*.jmconfig
+
+# BizTalk build output
+*.btp.cs
+*.btm.cs
+*.odx.cs
+*.xsd.cs
+
+# OpenCover UI analysis results
+OpenCover/
+
+# Azure Stream Analytics local run output
+ASALocalRun/
+
+# MSBuild Binary and Structured Log
+*.binlog
+
+# NVidia Nsight GPU debugger configuration file
+*.nvuser
+
+# MFractors (Xamarin productivity tool) working folder
+.mfractor/
+
+# Local History for Visual Studio
+.localhistory/
+
+# BeatPulse healthcheck temp database
+healthchecksdb
+
+# Backup folder for Package Reference Convert tool in Visual Studio 2017
+MigrationBackup/
+
+# Ionide (cross platform F# VS Code tools) working folder
+.ionide/
+
+# Fody - auto-generated XML schema
+FodyWeavers.xsd
+
+##
+## Visual studio for Mac
+##
+
+
+# globs
+Makefile.in
+*.userprefs
+*.usertasks
+config.make
+config.status
+aclocal.m4
+install-sh
+autom4te.cache/
+*.tar.gz
+tarballs/
+test-results/
+
+# Mac bundle stuff
+*.dmg
+*.app
+
+# content below from: https://github.com/github/gitignore/blob/master/Global/macOS.gitignore
+# General
+.DS_Store
+.AppleDouble
+.LSOverride
+
+# Icon must end with two \r
+Icon
+
+
+# Thumbnails
+._*
+
+# Files that might appear in the root of a volume
+.DocumentRevisions-V100
+.fseventsd
+.Spotlight-V100
+.TemporaryItems
+.Trashes
+.VolumeIcon.icns
+.com.apple.timemachine.donotpresent
+
+# Directories potentially created on remote AFP share
+.AppleDB
+.AppleDesktop
+Network Trash Folder
+Temporary Items
+.apdisk
+
+# content below from: https://github.com/github/gitignore/blob/master/Global/Windows.gitignore
+# Windows thumbnail cache files
+Thumbs.db
+ehthumbs.db
+ehthumbs_vista.db
+
+# Dump file
+*.stackdump
+
+# Folder config file
+[Dd]esktop.ini
+
+# Recycle Bin used on file shares
+$RECYCLE.BIN/
+
+# Windows Installer files
+*.cab
+*.msi
+*.msix
+*.msm
+*.msp
+
+# Windows shortcuts
+*.lnk
+
+# JetBrains Rider
+.idea/
+*.sln.iml
+
+##
+## Visual Studio Code
+##
+.vscode/*
+!.vscode/settings.json
+!.vscode/tasks.json
+!.vscode/launch.json
+!.vscode/extensions.json

dotnet/testing/KlipsConsole/KlipsConsole.csproj

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\KlipsLibrary\KlipsLibrary.csproj" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+
+  <PropertyGroup>
+    <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
+    <TargetFramework>net6.0</TargetFramework>
+    <ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>
+    <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+
+</Project>

dotnet/testing/KlipsConsole/Program.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+using KlipsLibrary;
+
+Klips.SayHello();
+
+int[] arr = { 2, 4, 6, 2, 1, 44, 10 };
+Klips.Print(arr);
+
+Console.WriteLine();
+HashSet<string> set = new HashSet<string>(){ "hi", "my", "name", "is", "shaun" };
+Klips.Print(set);
+Console.WriteLine();
+
+// Test other C# containers
+Klips.TestContainers();

dotnet/testing/KlipsLibrary.Test/KlipsLibrary.Test.csproj

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
+
+  <PropertyGroup>
+    <TargetFramework>net6.0</TargetFramework>
+    <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
+
+    <IsPackable>false</IsPackable>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk" Version="16.11.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="xunit" Version="2.4.1" />
+    <PackageReference Include="xunit.runner.visualstudio" Version="2.4.3">
+      <IncludeAssets>runtime; build; native; contentfiles; analyzers; buildtransitive</IncludeAssets>
+      <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets>
+    </PackageReference>
+    <PackageReference Include="coverlet.collector" Version="3.1.0">
+      <IncludeAssets>runtime; build; native; contentfiles; analyzers; buildtransitive</IncludeAssets>
+      <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets>
+    </PackageReference>
+  </ItemGroup>
+
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\KlipsLibrary\KlipsLibrary.csproj" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+
+</Project>

dotnet/testing/KlipsLibrary.Test/UnitTest1.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+using Xunit;
+
+namespace KlipsLibrary.Test;
+
+public class UnitTest1
+{
+    [Fact]
+    public void DogTest()
+    {
+        var dog = new Dog("Buford", "Woof");
+        Assert.Equal("Buford", dog.Name);
+        dog.Speak();
+    }
+    
+    [Fact]
+    public void HumanTest()
+    {
+        var human = new Human("Shaun", "Hi");
+        Assert.Equal("Shaun", human.Name);
+        human.Speak();
+    }
+}

dotnet/testing/KlipsLibrary/Animal.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+using System.Collections;
+using KlipsLibrary;
+namespace KlipsLibrary;
+public class Solution {
+    public int NumUniqueEmails(string[] emails)
+    {
+      HashSet<string> sent = new();
+      foreach (var email in emails)
+      {
+        var domain = email.Substring(email.IndexOf("@"), email.Length);
+        var to = email.Substring(0, email.IndexOf("@"));
+        if (to.Contains(".")) to = to.Replace(".", "");
+        to = to.Remove(to.IndexOf("+"));
+        Console.Write("{0} at {1}", to, domain);
+        sent.Add(to + "@" + domain);
+      }
+
+      return sent.Count;
+    }
+}
+public abstract class Animal
+{
+  public Animal(string n, string p)
+  {
+    this.Name = n;
+    this.Phrase = p;
+  }
+
+  public abstract void Speak();
+
+  private string name;
+  public string Name { get; set; }
+  private string phrase;
+  public string Phrase { get; set; }
+}
+
+public class Dog : Animal
+{
+  public Dog(string n, string p) : base(n, p) { }
+
+  public override void Speak()
+  {
+    Console.WriteLine("{0} (Dog): {1}", Name, Phrase);
+  }
+}
+
+public class Human : Animal
+{
+  public Human(string n, string p) : base(n, p) { }
+
+  public override void Speak()
+  {
+    Console.WriteLine("{0} (Human): {1}", Name, Phrase);
+  }
+}
+
+public class Teacher : Human, IComparable, ICloneable
+{
+  public Teacher(string n, string p) : base(n, p) { }
+
+  public int CompareTo(object? obj)
+  {
+    throw new NotImplementedException();
+  }
+
+  public object Clone()
+  {
+    throw new NotImplementedException();
+  }
+}

dotnet/testing/KlipsLibrary/Bag.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+namespace KlipsLibrary;
+
+public struct Item : IEquatable<Item>
+{
+  public Item(double v, int q, string name)
+  {
+    Value = v;
+    Qty = q;
+    Name = name;
+  }
+
+  public Item(double v, string name)
+  {
+    Value = v;
+    Qty = 1;
+    Name = name;
+  }
+
+  public string Name { get; set; }
+  public double Value { get; set; }
+  public int Qty { get; set; }
+  
+  public static bool operator ==(Item a, Item b)
+  {
+    if (((object)a) == null || ((object)b) == null) return Object.Equals(a, b);
+    return a.Equals(b);
+  }
+
+  public static bool operator !=(Item a, Item b)
+  {
+    return !(a == b);
+  }
+
+  public bool Equals(Item other)
+  {
+    return Name == other.Name && Value == other.Value;
+  }
+
+  public override bool Equals(object? obj)
+  {
+    return obj is Item other && Equals(other);
+  }
+  
+  public override int GetHashCode()
+  {
+    return HashCode.Combine(Name, Value);
+  }
+}
+
+public class Bag
+{
+  public Bag()
+  {
+    contents = new List<Item>();
+    maxCarry = 10;
+  }
+  private List<Item> contents;
+  private int maxCarry;
+
+  public bool AddItem(Item i)
+  {
+    if (contents.Count >= maxCarry) return false;
+    contents.Add(i);
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  public Item? TakeItem(Item i)
+  {
+    var found = contents.Find((Item inBag) => inBag == i);
+    if (found == default(Item)) return null;
+    contents.Remove(found);
+    return found;
+  }
+}

dotnet/testing/KlipsLibrary/Fruit.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
+
+namespace KlipsLibrary;
+
+public class Fruit 
+{
+  public Fruit()
+  {
+    Name = "Default";
+  }
+
+  public Fruit(string name)
+  {
+    Name = name;
+  }
+  public string Name { get; set; }
+}
+
+public class Fruits : Collection<Fruit> { }

dotnet/testing/KlipsLibrary/InitOrder.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+namespace KlipsLibrary;
+
+public class A
+{
+  public A()
+  {
+    Console.WriteLine("A default constructor was called");
+    Val = 0;
+  }
+  public A(int v)
+  {
+    Console.WriteLine("A parameterized constructor was called");
+    Val = v;
+  }
+  private int val;
+  public int Val
+  {
+    // No setter; We can only initialize on construction
+    init
+    {
+      Console.WriteLine($"A.val was initialized: {val}");
+      val = value;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+public class B : A
+{
+  public B()
+  {
+    Console.WriteLine("B default constructor was called");
+    BVal = 0;
+  }
+  public B(int bv)
+  {
+    Console.WriteLine("B parameterized constructor was called");
+    BVal = bv;
+  }
+
+  private int bVal;
+
+  public int BVal
+  {
+    init
+    {
+      bVal = value;
+      Console.WriteLine($"B.bVal was initialized: {bVal}");
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+public class C : B
+{
+  public C()
+  {
+    Console.WriteLine("C default constructor was called");
+    CVal = 0;
+  }
+  public C(int cv)
+  {
+    Console.WriteLine("C parameterized constructor was called");
+    CVal = cv;
+  }
+
+  private int cVal;
+
+  public int CVal
+  {
+    init
+    {
+      cVal = value;
+      Console.WriteLine($"C.cVal was initialized: {cVal}");
+    }
+  }
+}

dotnet/testing/KlipsLibrary/Klips.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,281 @@
+using System.Collections;
+using System.Linq.Expressions;
+
+namespace KlipsLibrary;
+
+public class Klips
+{
+  public static void SayHello()
+  {
+    Console.WriteLine("Hello, C# library!");
+  }
+  
+  public static void TestInput()
+  {
+    string formattingString = "Captured {0} input: {1}\n";
+
+    Console.Write("\nInput a character, then press enter: ");
+    int ascii = Console.Read();
+    char ch = Convert.ToChar(ascii);
+    Console.Write(formattingString, "character", ch);
+    Console.ReadLine(); // Discard any left over input
+      
+    Console.Write("\nPress a key: ");
+    ConsoleKeyInfo key = Console.ReadKey();
+    Console.Write("\n" + formattingString, "key", key.KeyChar);
+
+    Console.Write("\nEnter a line: ");
+    string? line = Console.ReadLine();
+    Console.Write(formattingString, "line", line);
+  }
+
+  public static void PrintEnum<T>(IEnumerable<T> obj)
+  {
+    foreach (var i in obj)
+    {
+      Console.Write("{0}, ", i);
+    }
+  }
+
+  public static void PrintInfo<T>(IEnumerable<T> c)
+  {
+    Console.WriteLine("Type: {0}", c.GetType().ToString());
+  }
+
+  public static void Print<T>(IEnumerable<T> obj)
+  {
+    Console.WriteLine();
+    PrintInfo(obj);
+    PrintEnum(obj);
+  }
+
+  // Doesn't work because we can't resolve passed object name
+  // + Limited to parameter object name; ref causes errors
+  public static void PrintName<T>(T obj)
+  {
+    Expression<Func<object>> expression = () => obj!;
+    string name = ((expression.Body as MemberExpression)!).Member.Name;
+    Console.WriteLine("{0}", name);
+  }
+
+  public static void MakeGarbage(int count) 
+  {
+    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
+    {
+      var v = new Version();
+    }
+  }
+
+  public static void TestContainers()
+  {
+    int[] test = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
+    Klips.Print(test);
+
+    var arr = new int[5];
+    for (int i = 1; i < 6; i++)
+    {
+      arr[i-1] = i;
+    }
+    Klips.Print(arr);
+
+    var list = new List<int>();
+    for (int i = 1; i < 6; i++)
+    {
+      list.Add(i);
+    }
+    Klips.Print(list);
+
+    list = list.Concat(arr).ToList();
+    Klips.Print(list);
+
+    list.Sort();
+    Klips.Print(list);
+
+    var dict = new Dictionary<int, string>() 
+    {
+      [4] = "four",
+      [2] = "two",
+      [1] = "one",
+      [3] = "three",
+      [5] = "five",
+    };
+    Klips.Print(dict);
+    for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++)
+    {
+      Console.Write("\n{0}", dict[i]);
+    }
+
+    var sortedDict = new SortedDictionary<int, string>(dict);
+    Klips.Print(sortedDict);
+
+    var hashset = new HashSet<int>{3, 1, 4, 2};
+    Klips.Print(hashset);
+
+    var sortedSet = new SortedSet<int>(hashset);
+    Klips.Print(sortedSet);
+
+    var sortedList = new SortedList(sortedDict);
+    Console.WriteLine("Type: {0}", sortedList.GetType().ToString());
+    foreach (DictionaryEntry item in sortedList)
+    {
+      Console.WriteLine("Key: {0} Value: {1}", item.Key.ToString(), item.Value);
+    }
+    // Klips.Print(sortedList);
+
+    var q = new Queue<string>(dict.Values);
+    Klips.Print(q);
+
+    var llist = new LinkedList<int>(dict.Keys);
+    Klips.Print(llist);
+
+  }
+
+  public static void TestGC()
+  {
+    Klips.MakeGarbage(1000000);
+    // GC.Collect();
+    Console.Write("\nHeap memory: {0}\nAllocated heap memory: {1}",
+      GC.GetGCMemoryInfo().HeapSizeBytes.ToString(), GC.GetTotalMemory(false).ToString());
+    for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
+    {
+      Console.Write("\nGeneration {0} collection count: {1}", i, GC.CollectionCount(i).ToString());
+    }
+  }
+
+  public static void TestStrings()
+  {
+    Console.Write("\n\nWhat time is it?\n{0}", DateTime.Now.ToString());
+
+    var lit = @"
+    hi
+        how
+    ""are"" you? \this\is\a\literal
+    ";
+    Console.WriteLine(lit);
+
+    string[] @foreach = {@"\this\is\new\a\test\n", "Not verbatim\nBut still literal"};
+    foreach (string s in @foreach)
+    {
+      Console.WriteLine(@s);
+    }
+
+    string a = "This is my string!";
+    Console.WriteLine($"This is my rifle; {a, 30}");
+    Console.WriteLine($"This is {{my}} rifle; {a, -30}");
+    var b = $"This {{is}} my rifle; {a}";
+    Console.WriteLine(b);
+    Console.WriteLine($"Conditional formatting result: {(b.Length == 0 ? "Empty" : "Not empty")}");
+    var pi = Math.PI;
+    Console.WriteLine($"{pi:F3}, {pi:F10}, {DateTime.Now:d}, {DateTime.Now:f}, {DateTime.Now.ToLocalTime():h:mm:ss tt zz}");
+
+    string fmt = "This is pi: {0}\nThis is the date: {1}\nThis is also pi: {0:F6}";
+    Console.WriteLine(fmt, Math.PI, DateTime.Now);
+  }
+
+  public static void TestLambdas()
+  {
+    // Both of these lambdas are of the same type; Func<string, int> where int is the value returned
+    var getLen = (string s) => s.Length;
+    Func<string, int> funcLen = (string s) => s.Length;
+    Console.WriteLine("Length: {0}", getLen("Hello").ToString());
+    Console.WriteLine("Length: {0}", funcLen("Hello").ToString());
+
+    var isEqual = (string a, string b) => a == b;
+    Console.WriteLine(isEqual("Test", "Test"));
+    Func<string, string, bool> funcIsEqual = (string a, string b) => a == b;
+    Console.WriteLine(funcIsEqual("Test", "Test"));
+
+    // These two lamdas are both of type Action<string>, as they do not return a result
+    var statement = (string s) =>
+    {
+      var arr = s.ToCharArray();
+      Array.Reverse(arr);
+      Console.WriteLine($"\"{s}\" reversed: {new string(arr)}");
+    };
+    Action<string> actionReverse = (string s) =>
+    {
+      var arr = s.ToCharArray();
+      Array.Reverse(arr);
+      Console.WriteLine($"\"{s}\" reversed: {new string(arr)}");
+    };
+
+    // This lamda is a Func<string, string> as it take a string parameter and returns a string as a result
+    Func<string, string> revString = (string s) =>
+    {
+      var revArr = s.ToCharArray();
+      Array.Reverse(revArr);
+      return new string(revArr);
+    };
+    string testS = "Racecar";
+    Console.WriteLine($"{testS} reversed: {revString(testS)}");
+
+    statement("Test");
+  }
+
+  public static void TestShape()
+  {
+    var shape = new Square();
+    shape.Print();
+    var shapeRef = shape;
+    shapeRef.Height = 20;
+    shape.Print();
+
+    var box = new List<Shape>();
+    box.Add(new Shape(5, 5));
+    box.Add(new Square());
+    box.Last().Width = 8; // Access the last element we added to the List, set its width to 8
+    box.Add(new Cube());
+    box.Add(new Rectangle());
+    box.Add(new Rect());
+    // Use a lambda to find a Cube, get a reference to it; If we found a Cube, set its depth to 5
+    if (box.Find((Shape s) => s.GetType() == typeof(Cube)) is Cube cubeRef) cubeRef.Depth = 5;
+    foreach (var s in box) s.Print(); // Print all the Shapes
+
+    var cub = new Cube();
+    var sqr = cub as Square;
+    if (sqr != null) sqr.Print();
+
+    Console.WriteLine("Testing upcast");
+    var c = new Cube();
+    c.Print();
+    if (c is Square cubeSquare)
+    {
+      // Why is Shape's Print() not called?; cubeShape.Print calls Square.Print() instead
+      var cubeShape = cubeSquare as Shape;
+      if (cubeShape != null) cubeShape.Print();
+    }
+  }
+
+  public static void TestBag()
+  {
+    var bag = new Bag();
+    Item wrench = new Item(1.5, 1, "wrench"); // Create a wrench using Item ctor
+    var spanner = wrench; // Copy wrench to a new item
+    spanner.Name = "spanner";
+    spanner.Value = 5.0;
+    spanner.Qty = 2;
+    Item socket = new Item(2.5, 5, "socket"); // Create a new item using ctor
+    bag.AddItem(wrench);
+    bag.AddItem(spanner);
+    bag.AddItem(socket);
+    Item? bagSpanner = bag.TakeItem(spanner);
+    Console.WriteLine(Object.ReferenceEquals(bagSpanner, spanner));
+    Item? noSpanner = bag.TakeItem(spanner);
+    Console.WriteLine(noSpanner == null);
+  }
+
+  public static void TestFruits()
+  {
+    Fruits fruits = new Fruits() { new Fruit(), new Fruit("Apple"), new Fruit("Orange")};
+    foreach (Fruit f in fruits)
+    {
+      Console.WriteLine(f.Name);
+    }
+  }
+
+  public static void TestInitOrder()
+  {
+    var aClass = new C(5) {CVal = 10};
+  }
+
+}

dotnet/testing/KlipsLibrary/KlipsLibrary.csproj

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
+
+  <PropertyGroup>
+    <TargetFramework>net6.0</TargetFramework>
+    <ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>
+    <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+
+</Project>

dotnet/testing/KlipsLibrary/Shape.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+namespace KlipsLibrary;
+
+public class Shape
+{
+  public Shape(int y, int x)
+  {
+    Y = y;
+    X = x;
+    Name = this.ToString();
+  }
+
+  public Shape()
+  {
+    X = 0;
+    Y = 0;
+    Name = this.ToString();
+  }
+
+  // Shape position; Private setter, public getter
+  public int X { get; private set; }
+  public int Y { get; private set; }
+  public string Name { get; private set; }
+  
+  // Auto-implemented properties may use a default value initializer
+  public virtual int Width { get; set; } = 1;
+  public virtual int Height { get; set; } = 2;
+  
+  public virtual void Print()
+  {
+    Console.WriteLine($"{Name} WxH is {Width}x{Height} at position ({X},{Y})");
+  }
+}
+
+public class Square : Shape
+{
+  // Set default value on encapsulated value for non auto-implemented properties
+  private int width = 10;
+  private int height = 10;
+
+  // We can override properties just as we can functions
+  // + Height and Width properties can no longer set default values
+  public override int Height
+  {
+    // Can use expressions for getters / setters
+    get => height;
+    set => width = height = value;
+  }
+
+  public override int Width
+  {
+    get => width;
+    set
+    {
+      // Same setter as Height, just within a block of statements
+      width = value;
+      height = value;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public override void Print()
+  {
+    Console.WriteLine("Printing Square info...");
+    base.Print(); // Will use Square's getter / setter to print private int width, height
+  }
+}
+
+public class Cube : Square
+{
+  // Add new properties or encapsulated values as needed
+  private int depth = 10;
+  public int Depth
+  {
+    get => depth;
+    set => depth = value;
+  }
+  // Implement a `new` Print() function which acts as a new stand-alone implementaton 
+  public new void Print()
+  {
+    Console.WriteLine("Printing Cube info...");
+    Console.WriteLine($"{Name} WxHxD is {Width}x{Height}x{Depth} at position ({X},{Y})");
+  }
+}
+
+public class Rectangle : Shape
+{
+  // Classes that inherit from Rectangle can not override Print
+  public sealed override void Print()
+  {
+    Console.WriteLine("Printing sealed Rectangle info...");
+    base.Print();
+  }
+}
+
+public class Rect : Rectangle
+{
+  // Rect can't override Print(), since its base class declared it as `sealed`
+}
+

dotnet/testing/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+
+This is a testing project I created while first learning C#.
+There's no objective or goal, aside from playing with different features of C# and NuGet packages.
+Essentially, this is a scrap project that I code in while learning new C# things.
+Since this is just for learning, I won't bother explaining how to use things here; It's very possible this entire project could disappear one day.

dotnet/testing/dotnet-klips.sln

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+
+Microsoft Visual Studio Solution File, Format Version 12.00
+# Visual Studio Version 16
+VisualStudioVersion = 16.0.30114.105
+MinimumVisualStudioVersion = 10.0.40219.1
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "KlipsLibrary", "KlipsLibrary\KlipsLibrary.csproj", "{58CB87C5-7D98-43F9-8AD8-C73766C06E51}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "KlipsLibrary.Test", "KlipsLibrary.Test\KlipsLibrary.Test.csproj", "{3576A541-1B1E-42A1-A348-B0CAA3B5BC5A}"
+EndProject
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "KlipsConsole", "KlipsConsole\KlipsConsole.csproj", "{A1E88D77-4A17-47BF-BED4-CEB1821FB627}"
+EndProject
+Global
+	GlobalSection(SolutionConfigurationPlatforms) = preSolution
+		Debug|Any CPU = Debug|Any CPU
+		Release|Any CPU = Release|Any CPU
+	EndGlobalSection
+	GlobalSection(SolutionProperties) = preSolution
+		HideSolutionNode = FALSE
+	EndGlobalSection
+	GlobalSection(ProjectConfigurationPlatforms) = postSolution
+		{58CB87C5-7D98-43F9-8AD8-C73766C06E51}.Debug|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{58CB87C5-7D98-43F9-8AD8-C73766C06E51}.Debug|Any CPU.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{58CB87C5-7D98-43F9-8AD8-C73766C06E51}.Release|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
+		{58CB87C5-7D98-43F9-8AD8-C73766C06E51}.Release|Any CPU.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
+		{3576A541-1B1E-42A1-A348-B0CAA3B5BC5A}.Debug|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{3576A541-1B1E-42A1-A348-B0CAA3B5BC5A}.Debug|Any CPU.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{3576A541-1B1E-42A1-A348-B0CAA3B5BC5A}.Release|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
+		{3576A541-1B1E-42A1-A348-B0CAA3B5BC5A}.Release|Any CPU.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
+		{A1E88D77-4A17-47BF-BED4-CEB1821FB627}.Debug|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{A1E88D77-4A17-47BF-BED4-CEB1821FB627}.Debug|Any CPU.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{A1E88D77-4A17-47BF-BED4-CEB1821FB627}.Release|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
+		{A1E88D77-4A17-47BF-BED4-CEB1821FB627}.Release|Any CPU.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
+	EndGlobalSection
+EndGlobal