[esp] Add Rust example with std.

cpp/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ################################################################################
 ## Author: Shaun Reed                                                         ##
-## Legal: All Content (c) 2022 Shaun Reed, all rights reserved                ##
+## Legal: All Content (c) 2025 Shaun Reed, all rights reserved                ##
 ## About: A root project for practicing C++                                   ##
 ##        This project can be built to debug and run all nested projects      ##
 ##        Or, any subdirectory with a project() statement can be selected     ##
@@ -16,10 +16,32 @@ project(
     DESCRIPTION "A root project for several small cpp practice projects"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin)
 add_compile_options("-Wall")
 
+option(KLIPS_CCACHE "Enable ccache" ON)
+
+if (KLIPS_CCACHE)
+  find_program(SCCACHE_PATH sccache)
+  if(SCCACHE_PATH)
+    message(STATUS "[Klips] Found sccache: ${SCCACHE_PATH}")
+    set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_LAUNCHER ${SCCACHE_PATH})
+    set(CMAKE_C_COMPILER_LAUNCHER ${SCCACHE_PATH})
+  else()
+    message(STATUS "[Klips] Failed to find sccache, falling back to ccache.")
+    find_program(CCACHE_PATH ccache)
+    if(CCACHE_PATH)
+      message(STATUS "[Klips] Found ccache: ${CCACHE_PATH}")
+      set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_LAUNCHER ${CCACHE_PATH})
+      set(CMAKE_C_COMPILER_LAUNCHER ${CCACHE_PATH})
+    else()
+      message(WARNING "[Klips] Failed to find sccache and ccache. Compilation will not be cached.")
+    endif()
+  endif()
+endif()
+
 add_subdirectory(algorithms)
 add_subdirectory(catch2)
 add_subdirectory(cmake-example)
@@ -28,4 +50,15 @@ add_subdirectory(datastructs)
 add_subdirectory(graphics)
 add_subdirectory(multithreading)
 add_subdirectory(patterns)
-add_subdirectory(qt)
+
+find_package(Qt6 COMPONENTS UiPlugin Core Gui Widgets)
+if (NOT Qt6_FOUND)
+  message(
+      WARNING
+      "[Klips] Qt examples will not be built.\n"
+      "On Ubuntu 24.04 Qt6 can be installed using apt:\n"
+      "  sudo apt install qt6-base-dev qt6-tools-dev\n"
+  )
+else()
+  add_subdirectory(qt)
+endif()

cpp/algorithms/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project (
     DESCRIPTION "A project for practicing various algorithms in C++"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin)
 

cpp/algorithms/graphs/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project (
     DESCRIPTION "A project for practicing algorithms using graphs in C++"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin)
 

cpp/algorithms/graphs/object/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project(
     DESCRIPTION "Practice implementing and using object graphs in C++"
     LANGUAGES CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 add_executable(
     algo-graphs-object graph.cpp

cpp/algorithms/graphs/simple/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project(
     DESCRIPTION "Practice implementing and using simple graphs in C++"
     LANGUAGES CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 add_executable(
     algo-graphs-simple graph.cpp

cpp/algorithms/graphs/simple/lib-graph.cpp

@@ -8,9 +8,8 @@
 ################################################################################
 */
 
-#include <algorithm>
 #include "lib-graph.hpp"
-
+#include <algorithm>
 
 void Graph::BFS(int startNode)
 {

cpp/algorithms/graphs/simple/lib-graph.hpp

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 #include <unordered_map>
 #include <unordered_set>
 #include <vector>
+#include <cstdint>
 
 
 class Graph {

cpp/algorithms/graphs/templated/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,5 +14,6 @@ project(
     DESCRIPTION "Practice implementing and using templated graphs in C++"
     LANGUAGES CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 add_executable(algo-graphs-templated graph.cpp)

cpp/algorithms/graphs/templated/lib-graph.hpp

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #include <unordered_set>
 #include <utility>
 #include <vector>
+#include <cstdint>
 
 
 /******************************************************************************/

cpp/algorithms/graphs/weighted/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project(
     DESCRIPTION "Practice implementing and using weighted graphs in C++"
     LANGUAGES CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 add_executable(
     algo-graphs-weighted graph.cpp

cpp/algorithms/graphs/weighted/lib-graph.hpp

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #include <unordered_set>
 #include <utility>
 #include <vector>
+#include <cstdint>
 
 
 /******************************************************************************/

cpp/algorithms/sorting/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project (
     DESCRIPTION "A project for practicing various sorting algorithms in C++"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin)
 

cpp/algorithms/sorting/insertion/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project (
     DESCRIPTION "A project for practicing insertion sort in C++"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 add_executable(
     algo-sort-insertion insertion-sort.cpp

cpp/algorithms/sorting/merge/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@ project (
     DESCRIPTION "A project for practicing merge sort in C++"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
+
 add_executable(
     algo-sort-merge merge-sort.cpp
     lib-merge.cpp lib-merge.h

cpp/algorithms/sorting/merge/lib-merge.cpp

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <vector>
+#include <cstdint>
 
 void MergeSort(std::vector<int> &array, size_t lhs, size_t rhs)
 {

cpp/algorithms/sorting/quick/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project (
     DESCRIPTION "A project for practicing quick sort in C++"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 add_executable(
     algo-sort-quick quick-sort.cpp

cpp/algorithms/sorting/radix/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project (
     DESCRIPTION "A project for practicing radix sort in C++"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 add_executable(
     algo-sort-radix radix-sort.cpp

cpp/algorithms/sorting/selection/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project (
     DESCRIPTION "A project for practicing selection sort in C++"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 add_executable(
     algo-sort-select select-sort.cpp

cpp/algorithms/trees/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project (
     DESCRIPTION "A project for practicing algorithms using trees in C++"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin)
 

cpp/algorithms/trees/binary/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project (
     DESCRIPTION "A project for testing BST algorithms"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 add_executable(
     algo-trees-bst driver.cpp

cpp/algorithms/trees/redblack/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project (
     DESCRIPTION "A project for testing red-black tree algorithms"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 add_executable(
     algo-trees-redblack driver.cpp

cpp/algorithms/trees/redblack/redblack.h

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 #define REDBLACK_H
 
 #include <iostream>
+#include <cstdint>
 
 enum Color {Black, Red};
 

cpp/catch2/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,18 +14,22 @@ project(
     DESCRIPTION     "Practice project for learning Catch2"
     LANGUAGES       CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 add_compile_options(-Wall)
 
-set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/bin)
+set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin)
 
 Include(FetchContent)
 FetchContent_Declare(
     Catch2
     GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/catchorg/Catch2.git
-    GIT_TAG        v3.0.1
+    GIT_TAG        v3.4.0
 )
 FetchContent_MakeAvailable(Catch2)
 
-add_subdirectory(src)
+add_library(klips SHARED src/klips.cpp)
-add_subdirectory(test)
+target_include_directories(klips PUBLIC ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include)
+
+add_executable(test_klips src/test_klips.cpp)
+target_link_libraries(test_klips PUBLIC Catch2::Catch2WithMain klips)

cpp/catch2/src/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-################################################################################
-## Author: Shaun Reed                                                         ##
-## Legal: All Content (c) 2022 Shaun Reed, all rights reserved                ##
-## About: Practice project for testing with catch2 framework                  ##
-##                                                                            ##
-## Contact: shaunrd0@gmail.com  | URL: www.shaunreed.com | GitHub: shaunrd0   ##
-################################################################################
-
-cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.15)
-
-project(
-    #[[NAME]]       Catch2
-    VERSION         1.0
-    DESCRIPTION     "Practice project for learning Catch2"
-    LANGUAGES       CXX
-)
-
-add_compile_options(-Wall)
-add_definitions("-std=c++17")
-
-add_library(klips SHARED klips.cpp)
-target_include_directories(klips PRIVATE ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/include)

cpp/catch2/src/test_klips.cpp

@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 
 #include <iostream>
 
-#include "../bin/catch.hpp"
+#include "catch2/catch_all.hpp"
+
 #include "klips.hpp"
 #include "type_name.hpp"
 
@@ -139,7 +140,7 @@ template <> template <bool must_find> void test_config_get<std::string>::run() {
 TEMPLATE_PRODUCT_TEST_CASE("Test", "[test]", test_config_get,
                            (int, std::string)) {
   TT();
-  TestType t;
+  // TestType t;
   test_config_get<int> s;
   s.template run<true>();
   //  TestType t;

cpp/catch2/test/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-################################################################################
-## Author: Shaun Reed                                                         ##
-## Legal: All Content (c) 2022 Shaun Reed, all rights reserved                ##
-## About: Practice project for testing with catch2 framework                  ##
-##                                                                            ##
-## Contact: shaunrd0@gmail.com  | URL: www.shaunreed.com | GitHub: shaunrd0   ##
-################################################################################
-
-cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.15)
-
-project(
-    #[[NAME]]       Catch2
-    VERSION         1.0
-    DESCRIPTION     "Practice project for learning Catch2"
-    LANGUAGES       CXX
-)
-
-add_compile_options(-Wall)
-
-add_executable(test_klips test_klips.cpp)
-target_link_libraries(test_klips PRIVATE Catch2::Catch2WithMain klips)
-target_include_directories(test_klips PRIVATE ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/include)

cpp/cmake-example/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ project (
     DESCRIPTION "A basic CMake template for C++ projects"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 # Include any directories the compiler may need
 include_directories(./include)

cpp/cryptography/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project (
     DESCRIPTION "A project for practicing cryptography in C++"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin)
 

cpp/cryptography/columnar-transposition/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project(
     DESCRIPTION "Practice implementing columnar transposition in C++"
     LANGUAGES CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 add_executable(
     crypto-columnar-transposition driver.cpp

cpp/datastructs/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project (
     DESCRIPTION "A project for practicing various data structures in C++"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin)
 

cpp/datastructs/binarysearchtree/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project (
     DESCRIPTION "A project for testing a basic implementation of a BST"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 add_executable(
     data-bst driver.cpp

cpp/datastructs/binarysearchtree/bst.cpp

@@ -10,10 +10,11 @@
 
 #include "bst.h"
 
+#include <cstdint>
 
 /********************************************************************************
-* Constructors, Destructors, Operators
+ * Constructors, Destructors, Operators
-*********************************************************************************/
+ *********************************************************************************/
 
 /** Copy Assignment Operator
  * @brief Empty the calling object's root BinaryNode, and copy the rhs data

cpp/datastructs/circledoublelist/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project (
     DESCRIPTION "Project for testing circular doubly linked list implementation"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 add_executable(
     data-circular-doubly-linked-list driver.cpp

cpp/datastructs/circledoublelist/circledoublelist.cpp

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 
 #include "circledoublelist.h"
 
+#include <cstdint>
 
 /******************************************************************************
  * Constructors, Destructors, Operators

cpp/datastructs/circlesinglelist/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project (
     DESCRIPTION "Project for testing circular singly linked list implementation"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 add_executable(
     data-circular-singly-linked-list driver.cpp

cpp/datastructs/circlesinglelist/circlesinglelist.cpp

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 
 #include "circlesinglelist.h"
 
+#include <cstdint>
 
 /******************************************************************************
  * Constructors, Destructors, Operators

cpp/datastructs/doublelist/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project (
     DESCRIPTION "A project for testing a doubly linked list implementation"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 add_executable(
     data-doubly-linked-list driver.cpp

cpp/datastructs/doublelist/doublelist.cpp

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 
 #include "doublelist.h"
 
+#include <cstdint>
 
 /******************************************************************************
  * Constructors, Destructors, Operators

cpp/datastructs/maxheap/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project (
     DESCRIPTION "A project for testing a max heap implementation"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 add_executable(
     data-max-heap driver.cpp

cpp/datastructs/maxheap/maxheap.cpp

@@ -10,10 +10,11 @@
 
 #include "maxheap.h"
 
+#include <cstdint>
 
 /********************************************************************************
-* Constructors, Destructors, Operators
+ * Constructors, Destructors, Operators
-*********************************************************************************/
+ *********************************************************************************/
 
 /** default constructor
  *  Constructs a heap with the given default values

cpp/datastructs/queuelist/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project (
     DESCRIPTION "Project for testing queue implementation"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 add_executable(
     data-queue driver.cpp

cpp/datastructs/queuelist/queuelist.cpp

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 
 #include "queuelist.h"
 
+#include <cstdint>
 
 /******************************************************************************
  * Constructors, Destructors, Operators

cpp/datastructs/singlelist/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project (
     DESCRIPTION "A project for testing a singly linked list implementation"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 add_executable(
     data-singly-linked-list driver.cpp

cpp/datastructs/singlelist/singlelist.cpp

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 
 #include "singlelist.h"
 
+#include <cstdint>
 
 /******************************************************************************
  * Constructors, Destructors, Operators

cpp/datastructs/stacklist/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project (
     DESCRIPTION "A project for testing a Stack implementation"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 add_executable(
     data-stack driver.cpp

cpp/datastructs/stacklist/stacklist.cpp

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 
 #include "stacklist.h"
 
+#include <cstdint>
 
 /******************************************************************************
  * Constructors, Destructors, Operators

cpp/datastructs/templates/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project (
     DESCRIPTION "A project for practicing templated data structures in C++"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 add_subdirectory(doublelist)
 add_subdirectory(queuelist)

cpp/datastructs/templates/doublelist/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,5 +14,6 @@ project (
     DESCRIPTION "A project for practicing templated doubly linked list implementations"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 add_executable(data-templates-doubly-linked-list driver.cpp)

cpp/datastructs/templates/queuelist/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,5 +14,6 @@ project (
     DESCRIPTION "A project for practicing templated queue implementations"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 add_executable(data-templates-queue driver.cpp)

cpp/datastructs/templates/stacklist/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,5 +14,6 @@ project (
     DESCRIPTION "A project for practicing templated Stack implementations"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 add_executable(data-templates-stack driver.cpp)

cpp/datastructs/templates/vector/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,5 +14,6 @@ project (
     DESCRIPTION "A project for practicing templated Vector implementations"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 add_executable(data-templates-vectors driver.cpp)

cpp/datastructs/vector/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project (
     DESCRIPTION "A project for testing a basic Vector implementation"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 add_executable(
     data-vectors driver.cpp

cpp/datastructs/vector/vector.cpp

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 
 #include "vector.h"
 
+#include <cstdint>
 
 /******************************************************************************
  * Constructors, Destructors, Operators

cpp/graphics/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ################################################################################
 ## Author: Shaun Reed                                                         ##
-## Legal: All Content (c) 2021 Shaun Reed, all rights reserved                ##
+## Legal: All Content (c) 2025 Shaun Reed, all rights reserved                ##
 ## About: A root project for practicing C++                                   ##
 ##        This project can be built to debug and run all nested projects      ##
 ##        Or, any subdirectory with a project() statement can be selected     ##
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ project(
     DESCRIPTION "A root project for practicing graphics programming in C++"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin)
 

cpp/graphics/opengl-cmake/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ################################################################################
 ## Author: Shaun Reed                                                         ##
-## Legal: All Content (c) 2021 Shaun Reed, all rights reserved                ##
+## Legal: All Content (c) 2025 Shaun Reed, all rights reserved                ##
 ##                                                                            ##
 ## Contact: shaunrd0@gmail.com  | URL: www.shaunreed.com | GitHub: shaunrd0   ##
 ################################################################################
@@ -8,40 +8,46 @@
 # Define CMake version
 cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.15)
 
+include(FetchContent)
 project(
     #[[NAME]]    OpenGL-Cmake
     DESCRIPTION  "Example project for building OpenGL projects with CMake"
     LANGUAGES    CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 add_library(graphics-lib-opengl src/lib-opengl-test.cpp)
 target_include_directories(graphics-lib-opengl PUBLIC ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/src)
 
 # Find OpenGL package
-find_package(OpenGL REQUIRED)
+find_package(OpenGL)
-if (OPENGL_FOUND)
+if (NOT OPENGL_FOUND)
-  # Link opengl-test executable to OpenGL
-  target_include_directories(graphics-lib-opengl PUBLIC ${OPENGL_INCLUDE_DIR})
-  target_link_libraries(graphics-lib-opengl PUBLIC ${OPENGL_LIBRARIES})
-else()
   message(
-      "Error: CMake was unable to find the OpenGL package\n"
+      "[Klips] Error: CMake was unable to find OpenGL.\n"
-      "Please install OpenGL and try again\n"
+      "On Ubuntu 24.04 OpenGL can be installed using apt:\n"
+      "  sudo apt install libopengl-dev libgl1-mesa-dev mesa-common-dev libglu1-mesa-dev\n"
   )
 endif()
+# Link opengl-test executable to OpenGL
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Found OpenGL: ${OPENGL_INCLUDE_DIR}")
+target_include_directories(graphics-lib-opengl PUBLIC ${OPENGL_INCLUDE_DIR})
+target_link_libraries(graphics-lib-opengl PUBLIC ${OPENGL_LIBRARIES})
 
-# Find GLUT package
+find_package(GLUT QUIET)
-find_package(GLUT REQUIRED)
+if(NOT GLUT_FOUND)
-if (GLUT_FOUND)
-  # Link lib-opengl-test executable to GLUT
-  target_include_directories(graphics-lib-opengl PUBLIC ${GLUT_INCLUDE_DIR})
-  target_link_libraries(graphics-lib-opengl PUBLIC ${GLUT_LIBRARIES})
-else()
   message(
-      "Error: CMake was unable to find the GLUT package\n"
+      FATAL_ERROR
-      "Please install GLUT (freeglut3-dev) and try again\n"
+      "[Klips] Failed to fetch GLUT. Could not find dependency X11 input libraries.\n"
+      "On Ubuntu 24.04 Xi can be installed using apt:\n"
+      "  sudo apt install libxi-dev\n"
+      "Alternatively, on Ubuntu 24.04 GLUT can be installed with apt:\n"
+      "  sudo apt install freeglut3-dev\n"
   )
 endif()
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Found GLUT: ${GLUT_INCLUDE_DIR}")
+# Link lib-opengl-test executable to GLUT
+target_include_directories(graphics-lib-opengl PUBLIC ${GLUT_INCLUDE_DIR})
+target_link_libraries(graphics-lib-opengl PUBLIC ${GLUT_LIBRARIES})
 
 # Add test executable
 add_executable(graphics-cmake-opengl apps/test-gl.cpp)

cpp/graphics/sdl-cmake/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ################################################################################
 ## Author: Shaun Reed                                                         ##
-## Legal: All Content (c) 2021 Shaun Reed, all rights reserved                ##
+## Legal: All Content (c) 2025 Shaun Reed, all rights reserved                ##
 ##                                                                            ##
 ## Contact: shaunrd0@gmail.com  | URL: www.shaunreed.com | GitHub: shaunrd0   ##
 ################################################################################
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ project(
     DESCRIPTION  "Example project for building SDL projects with CMake"
     LANGUAGES    CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 # Add Library
 add_library(
@@ -27,31 +28,30 @@ target_include_directories(            # When calling library, include a directo
 )
 
 # Search for SDL2 package
-find_package(SDL2 REQUIRED sdl2)
+find_package(SDL2 QUIET)
-
+if (NOT SDL2_FOUND)
-# If SDL2 was found successfully, link to lib-sdl-test
+  message(FATAL_ERROR
-if (SDL2_FOUND)
+      "[Klips] Failed to find SDL2.\n"
-  # Any target that links with this library will also link to SDL2
+      "On Ubuntu 24.04 SDL2 can be installed using apt:\n"
-  # + Because we choose PUBLIC visibility
+      "  sudo apt install libsdl2-dev\n"
-  target_include_directories(graphics-lib-sdl PUBLIC ${SDL2_INCLUDE_DIRS})
-  target_link_libraries(graphics-lib-sdl PUBLIC "${SDL2_LIBRARIES}")
-
-  # Creating executable
-  add_executable(
-      graphics-cmake-sdl  # Exe name
-      apps/sdl-test.cpp   # Exe Source(s)
-  )
-
-  # Linking the exe to library
-  target_link_libraries(
-      graphics-cmake-sdl    # Executable to link
-      PRIVATE               # Visibility
-      graphics-lib-sdl      # Library to link
-  )
-
-else()
-  message(
-      "Error: CMake was unable to find SDL2 package.\n"
-      "Please install the libsdl2-dev package and try again.\n"
   )
 endif()
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Found SDL2: ${SDL2_INCLUDE_DIRS}")
+
+# Any target that links with this library will also link to SDL2
+# + Because we choose PUBLIC visibility
+target_include_directories(graphics-lib-sdl PUBLIC ${SDL2_INCLUDE_DIRS})
+target_link_libraries(graphics-lib-sdl PUBLIC "${SDL2_LIBRARIES}")
+
+# Creating executable
+add_executable(
+    graphics-cmake-sdl  # Exe name
+    apps/sdl-test.cpp   # Exe Source(s)
+)
+
+# Linking the exe to library
+target_link_libraries(
+    graphics-cmake-sdl    # Executable to link
+    PRIVATE               # Visibility
+    graphics-lib-sdl      # Library to link
+)

cpp/multithreading/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project(
     DESCRIPTION "Practice with multithreaded programming in C++"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin)
 add_compile_options("-Wall")

cpp/multithreading/conditions/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ project(
     DESCRIPTION "Example of condition_variables in multithreaded C++"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 add_executable(
     multithread-conditions driver.cpp

cpp/multithreading/deadlock/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ project(
     DESCRIPTION "Example and solution for deadlocks in C++"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 add_executable(
     multithread-deadlock driver.cpp

cpp/multithreading/livelock/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ project(
     DESCRIPTION "Example and solution for livelocks in C++"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 add_executable(
     multithread-livelock driver.cpp

cpp/multithreading/race-condition/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project(
     DESCRIPTION "Example and solution for race conditions"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 add_executable(
     multithread-race-condition driver.cpp

cpp/patterns/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project(
     DESCRIPTION "A project for practicing various design patterns in C++"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin)
 

cpp/patterns/abstract-factory/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ project(
     DESCRIPTION "An example of the abstract factory design pattern in C++"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 add_compile_options("-Wall")
 
 add_executable(

cpp/patterns/adapter/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project(
     DESCRIPTION "An example of the adapter design pattern in C++"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 add_compile_options("-Wall")
 
 add_executable(

cpp/patterns/adapter/adapter.hpp

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 #ifndef ADAPTER_HPP
 #define ADAPTER_HPP
 
+#include <ctime>
 #include <random>
 
 // Target implementation to adapt to a new interface

cpp/patterns/bridge/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project(
     DESCRIPTION "An example of the bridge design pattern in C++"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 add_compile_options("-Wall")
 
 add_executable(

cpp/patterns/factory/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project(
     DESCRIPTION "An example of the factory design pattern in C++"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 add_compile_options("-Wall")
 
 add_executable(

cpp/patterns/observer/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project(
     DESCRIPTION "An example of the state design pattern in C++"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 add_compile_options("-Wall")
 
 add_executable(

cpp/patterns/prototype/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project(
     DESCRIPTION "An example of the prototype design pattern in C++"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 add_compile_options("-Wall")
 
 add_executable(

cpp/patterns/singleton/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project(
     DESCRIPTION "An example of the singleton design pattern in C++"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 add_executable(
     patterns-singleton main.cpp

cpp/patterns/state/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project(
     DESCRIPTION "An example of the state design pattern in C++"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 add_compile_options("-Wall")
 
 add_executable(

cpp/patterns/visitor/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project(
     DESCRIPTION "An example of the visitor design pattern in C++"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 add_compile_options("-Wall")
 
 add_executable(

cpp/problems/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-################################################################################
-## Author: Shaun Reed                                                         ##
-## Legal: All Content (c) 2022 Shaun Reed, all rights reserved                ##
-## About: A root project for C++ practice problems and solutions              ##
-##                                                                            ##
-## Contact: shaunrd0@gmail.com  | URL: www.shaunreed.com | GitHub: shaunrd0   ##
-################################################################################
-
-cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.16)
-
-project(
-    #[[NAME]]   Problems
-    VERSION     1.0
-    DESCRIPTION "Practice problems and solutions written in C++"
-    LANGUAGES   CXX
-)
-
-set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY, ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin)
-add_compile_options("-Wall")
-
-add_subdirectory(graphs)

cpp/problems/README.md

@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
-# Problems
-
-A collection of some example problems and solutions written in C++. Mostly these
-are based off questions I found on [hackerrank](https://www.hackerrank.com), 
-[leetcode](https://leetcode.com/), [codility](https://www.codility.com/), or 
-similar programming practice platforms.
-
-```
-klips/cpp/problems
-.
-├── graphs     # Graph implementations with related problems and solutions
-└── README.md 
-```
-
-We can build the examples with the following commands.
-
-```bash
-cd /path/to/klips/cpp/problems/
-mkdir build && cd build
-cmake .. && cmake --build .
-ls bin/
-
-problems-graphs
-```

cpp/problems/graphs/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-################################################################################
-## Author: Shaun Reed                                                         ##
-## Legal: All Content (c) 2022 Shaun Reed, all rights reserved                ##
-## About: Collection of problems and solutions to graph problems in C++       ##
-##                                                                            ##
-## Contact: shaunrd0@gmail.com  | URL: www.shaunreed.com | GitHub: shaunrd0   ##
-################################################################################
-
-cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.16)
-
-project(
-    #[[NAME]]   ProblemsGraphs
-    VERSION     1.0
-    DESCRIPTION "Problems and solutions using graphs in C++"
-    LANGUAGES   CXX
-)
-
-set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin)
-add_compile_options("-Wall")
-
-add_executable(problems-graphs driver.cpp lib-graph.cpp lib-graph.hpp)

cpp/problems/graphs/driver.cpp

@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-/*##############################################################################
-## Author: Shaun Reed                                                         ##
-## Legal: All Content (c) 2022 Shaun Reed, all rights reserved                ##
-## About: Driver program solving various C++ graph problems                   ##
-##                                                                            ##
-## Contact: shaunrd0@gmail.com  | URL: www.shaunreed.com | GitHub: shaunrd0   ##
-################################################################################
-*/
-
-#include <iostream>
-
-#include "lib-graph.hpp"
-
-int main(const int argc, const char * argv[]) {
-  Simple::Graph g({ {1,2,3}, {2,3,4} });
-  g.Print();
-  std::cout << std::endl;
-
-  std::vector<int> graphA = {6,0,1,2,3,4,5};
-  std::vector<std::pair<int, int>> graphB = { {9, 2}, {2, 3}, {3, 1} };
-  std::vector<std::vector<int>> graphC = {{1}, {2, 3}, {3, 1, 0}};
-  g.ReadEdges(graphA);
-  g.Print();
-  std::cout << std::endl;
-  g.ReadEdges(graphB);
-  g.Print();
-  std::cout << std::endl;
-  g.ReadEdges(graphC);
-  g.Print();
-
-  return 0;
-}

cpp/problems/graphs/lib-graph.cpp

@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-/*##############################################################################
-## Author: Shaun Reed                                                         ##
-## Legal: All Content (c) 2022 Shaun Reed, all rights reserved                ##
-## About: Graph implementations to solve various problems in C++              ##
-##                                                                            ##
-## Contact: shaunrd0@gmail.com  | URL: www.shaunreed.com | GitHub: shaunrd0   ##
-################################################################################
-*/
-
-#include "lib-graph.hpp"
-
-

cpp/problems/graphs/lib-graph.hpp

@@ -1,335 +0,0 @@
-/*##############################################################################
-## Author: Shaun Reed                                                         ##
-## Legal: All Content (c) 2022 Shaun Reed, all rights reserved                ##
-## About: Graph implementations to solve various problems in C++              ##
-##                                                                            ##
-## Contact: shaunrd0@gmail.com  | URL: www.shaunreed.com | GitHub: shaunrd0   ##
-################################################################################
-*/
-
-#include <iostream>
-#include <unordered_map>
-#include <map>
-#include <utility>
-#include <vector>
-#include <algorithm>
-#include <cstdint>
-
-#ifndef GRAPHS_LIB_GRAPH_HPP
-#define GRAPHS_LIB_GRAPH_HPP
-
-
-namespace Simple {
-  typedef int32_t Node;
-  typedef std::vector<Node> Nodes;
-  typedef std::vector<Nodes> Edges;
-
-  class Graph {
-  public:
-    Graph() = default;
-    explicit Graph(Edges e) : edges(std::move(e)) { }
-
-    void Print()
-    {
-      for (size_t node = 0; node < edges.size(); node++) {
-        for (const auto & to : edges[node]) {
-          std::cout << "(" << node << ")-----(" << to << ")" << std::endl;
-        }
-      }
-    }
-
-    // Where graph[i] represents the connection between node i and graph[i]
-    // {1, 1, 2, 2}
-    void ReadEdges(const std::vector<int> & graph)
-    {
-      edges.clear();
-      edges.assign(graph.size(), {});
-      for (int i = 0; i < graph.size(); i++) {
-        if (i == graph[i]) continue;
-        edges[graph[i]].push_back(i);
-        edges[i].push_back(graph[i]);
-      }
-    }
-
-    // Where each graph[i] represents a single edge between two nodes
-    // { {1, 2}, {2, 3}, {3, 1} }
-    void ReadEdges(const std::vector<std::pair<int, int>> & graph)
-    {
-      edges.clear();
-      for (const auto & edge : graph) {
-        while (edges.size() <= edge.first || edges.size() <= edge.second) {
-          edges.emplace_back();
-        }
-        edges[edge.first].push_back(edge.second);
-        edges[edge.second].push_back(edge.first);
-      }
-    }
-
-    // Where graph[node] holds all connected adjacent nodes
-    // {{1}, {2, 3}, {2, 1, 0}}
-    void ReadEdges(const std::vector<std::vector<int>> & graph)
-    {
-      edges.clear();
-      edges.assign(graph.size(), {});
-      for (size_t i = 0; i < graph.size(); i++) {
-        for (const auto & adj : graph[i]) {
-          if (adj == i) continue;
-          edges[i].push_back(adj);
-          edges[adj].push_back(int32_t(i));
-        }
-      }
-    }
-
-  private:
-    Edges edges;
-  };
-}
-
-
-namespace Object {
-  struct Node {
-    Node() : val(INT32_MIN), adj() { }
-    explicit Node(int32_t v) : val(v), adj() { }
-    Node(int32_t v, std::vector<int32_t> a) : val(v), adj(std::move(a)) { }
-
-    int32_t val;
-    std::vector<int32_t> adj;
-
-    // Define operator== for std::find; And comparisons between nodes
-    bool operator==(const Node & b) const { return this->val == b.val;}
-    bool operator!=(const Node & b) const { return this->val != b.val;}
-  };
-
-  typedef std::vector<Node> Edges;
-
-  class Graph {
-  public:
-    Graph() = default;
-    explicit Graph(Edges e) : edges(std::move(e)) { }
-
-    void Print()
-    {
-      for (int32_t node = 0; node < edges.size(); node++) {
-        for (const auto & to : GetNode(node)->adj) {
-          std::cout << "(" << node << ")-----(" << to << ")" << std::endl;
-        }
-      }
-    }
-
-    Node * GetNode(const int32_t & nodeVal)
-    {
-      auto foundNode = std::find(edges.begin(), edges.end(), Node(nodeVal));
-//                       [nodeVal](const Node & a)->bool { return a.val == nodeVal;});
-      if (foundNode == edges.end()) return nullptr; // Node does not exist
-      return &*foundNode;
-    }
-
-    Node * CreateNode(const int32_t & nodeVal)
-    {
-      auto newNode = GetNode(nodeVal);
-      if (newNode != nullptr) return newNode;
-      // Create node if not found
-      edges.emplace_back(nodeVal); // Calls Node(int32_t) ctor
-      return &edges.back(); // Get ptr to our new node; Don't copy it
-    }
-
-    // Where graph[i] represents the connection between node i and graph[i]
-    // {1, 1, 2, 2}
-    void ReadEdges(const std::vector<int> & graph)
-    {
-      edges.clear();
-      for (int i = 0; i < graph.size(); i++) {
-        if (i == graph[i]) continue;
-        // Check if nodes already exist; Create them if not found
-        auto nodeFrom = CreateNode(graph[i]);
-        auto nodeTo = CreateNode(i);
-        // Push node ptr to adjacent list
-        nodeFrom->adj.push_back(nodeTo->val);
-        nodeTo->adj.push_back(nodeFrom->val);
-      }
-    }
-
-    // Where each graph[i] represents a single edge between two nodes
-    // { {1, 2}, {2, 3}, {3, 1} }
-    void ReadEdges(const std::vector<std::pair<int, int>> & graph)
-    {
-      edges.clear();
-      for (const auto & edge : graph) {
-        auto nodeFrom = CreateNode(edge.first);
-        auto nodeTo = CreateNode(edge.second);
-        nodeFrom->adj.push_back(nodeTo->val);
-        nodeTo->adj.push_back(nodeFrom->val);
-      }
-    }
-
-    // Where graph[node] holds all connected adjacent nodes
-    // {{1}, {2, 3}, {2, 1, 0}}
-    void ReadEdges(const std::vector<std::vector<int>> & graph)
-    {
-      edges.clear();
-      edges.assign(graph.size(), {});
-      for (size_t i = 0; i < graph.size(); i++) {
-        for (const auto & adj : graph[i]) {
-          if (adj == i) continue;
-          auto nodeFrom = CreateNode(int32_t(i));
-          auto nodeTo = CreateNode(adj);
-          nodeFrom->adj.push_back(nodeTo->val);
-          nodeTo->adj.push_back(nodeFrom->val);
-        }
-      }
-    }
-
-  private:
-    Edges edges;
-  };
-}
-
-namespace Weighted {
-  using Weight = int32_t;
-  using Adjacent = std::multimap<Weight, int32_t>;
-  struct Node {
-    Node() : val(INT32_MIN), adj() { }
-    explicit Node(int32_t v) : val(v), adj() { }
-    Node(int32_t v, Adjacent a) : val(v), adj(std::move(a)) { }
-
-    int32_t val;
-    Adjacent adj;
-  };
-  using Edge = std::pair<int, int>;
-
-  class Graph {
-    Graph() = default;
-    explicit Graph(Node n) : root(std::move(n)) { }
-    void ReadGraph(std::vector<std::vector<int>> nodeList)
-    {
-      // Read a 2D vector of nodes into a
-    }
-  private:
-    Node root;
-  };
-}
-
-
-//namespace Object {
-//struct Edge {
-//    friend struct Node;
-//    friend class Graph;
-//    Edge() : from(INT32_MIN), to(INT32_MIN) { }
-//    Edge(const int32_t & f, const int32_t & t) : from(f), to(t) { }
-//
-//  private:
-//    int32_t from, to;
-//  };
-//  using Edges = std::vector<Edge>;
-//
-////  template <typename T, typename S>
-////  struct Subscriptor {
-////    T<int32_t, S> data;
-////  };
-//
-//  struct Node {
-//    using Adjacent = std::vector<Node *>;
-//    using NodeMap = std::unordered_map<int32_t, Node *>;
-//    friend class Graph; // Allow Graph to access protected / private members
-//    friend struct GraphData;
-//
-//    // Struct is public by default
-//    Node () : val(0), adj() { }
-//    explicit Node(int32_t v) : val(v), adj() { }
-//    Node(int32_t v, Adjacent a) : val(v), adj(std::move(a)) { }
-//    inline void SetAdjacent(Adjacent a) { adj = std::move(a);}
-//    inline void SetVal(int32_t v) { val = v;}
-//    NodeMap GetNodeMap() {
-//      NodeMap result;
-//      BuildNodeMap(&result);
-//      return result;
-//    }
-//    void BuildNodeMap(NodeMap & nodeMap, Node * startNode=nullptr) {
-//      auto list = startNode == nullptr ? adj : startNode->adj;
-//      for (const auto & node : list) {
-//        if (!nodeMap.count(node->val)) {
-//          nodeMap[node->val] = node;
-//          BuildNodeMap(nodeMap, startNode);
-//        }
-//      }
-//    }
-//
-//  protected:
-//    int32_t val;
-//    Adjacent adj;
-//    Edges edges;
-//  };
-//
-//  struct GraphData {
-//    GraphData() = default;
-//    explicit GraphData(const Node & n)
-//    {
-//      graphEdges n.edges;
-//      for (const auto & edge : n.edges) {
-//      }
-//    }
-//
-//    // Implement subscript operators for unordered_multimap
-//    struct GraphEdges {
-//      Edges * operator[](int32_t nodeVal) {
-//        auto found = graphEdges.find(nodeVal):
-//        if (found != graphEdges.end()) {
-//          return &*found->second;
-//        }
-//        else {
-//          return nullptr;
-//        }
-//      }
-//      std::unordered_multimap<int32_t, Edges *> graphEdges;
-//    };
-//
-//    // Implement subscript operators for unordered_map
-//    struct GraphNodes {
-//      Node * operator[](int32_t nodeVal) {
-//        auto found = graphNodes.find(nodeVal):
-//        if (found != graphNodes.end()) {
-//          return &*found->second;
-//        }
-//        else {
-//          return nullptr;
-//        }
-//      }
-//      std::unordered_map<int32_t, Node *> graphNodes;
-//    };
-//    // unordered_* provides O(1) access and search
-//    GraphEdges graphEdges;
-//    GraphNodes graphNodes;
-//  };
-//
-//  class Graph {
-//    // Class is private by default
-//    Node root;
-//    std::unordered_map<int32_t, Node *> graphNodes;
-//    std::multimap<int32_t, Edges> graphEdges;
-////    std::unordered_map<int32_t, Node *> graphNodes;
-////    GraphData data; // Struct containing all graph edges / nodes
-//
-//  public:
-//    Graph() = default;
-//    explicit Graph(Node r) : root(std::move(r)) { }
-//
-//    inline const Node & GetRoot() const { return root;}
-////    inline Node * GetNode(int32_t nodeVal) { return data.graphNodes[nodeVal];}
-////    inline const Node * GetConstNode(int32_t nodeVal)
-////    { return data.graphNodes[nodeVal];}
-//
-//    const Node * DFS(int32_t nodeVal, int32_t startNode=INT32_MIN)
-//    {
-//      // If startNode was not set, begin search from root node
-//      startNode = startNode == INT32_MIN ? root.val : startNode;
-//      if (startNode == nodeVal) {
-//        return graphNodes[nodeVal];
-//      }
-//      for (const auto & edge : root.edges) {
-//        return DFS(nodeVal, edge.to);
-//      }
-//    }
-//  };
-//}
-
-#endif // GRAPHS_LIB_GRAPH_HPP

cpp/qt/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project(
     DESCRIPTION "A root project for several small Qt6 practice projects"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin)
 add_compile_options("-Wall")

cpp/qt/designer-plugin-collection/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@ project(
     DESCRIPTION     "Example of a widget plugin collection for Qt Designer"
     LANGUAGES       CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
+# Lowercase string to use as a slug for executable names for identification.
+string(TOLOWER ${PROJECT_NAME} PROJECT_NAME_LOWER)
 
 include(GenerateExportHeader)
 
@@ -51,43 +54,56 @@ endif()
 set(QT_INSTALL_DIR "${QT_DIR}/6.3.1/gcc_64/" CACHE PATH "Path to Qt6 install")
 list(APPEND CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH "${QT_INSTALL_DIR}")
 
-find_package(Qt6 REQUIRED COMPONENTS UiPlugin Core Gui Widgets)
+find_package(Qt6 COMPONENTS UiPlugin Core Gui Widgets)
+if (NOT Qt6_FOUND)
+    message(
+        FATAL_ERROR
+        "[Klips] Error: CMake was unable to find Qt6 libraries.\n"
+        "The example will not be built until the build is configured with these packages installed.\n"
+        "On Ubuntu 24.04 Qt6 can be installed using apt:\n"
+        "  sudo apt-get install qt6-base-dev qt6-tools-dev\n"
+    )
+endif()
 
 # Creating a library with two plugins for the collection.
-qt_add_library(widget-plugin-library
+set(WIDGET_PLUGIN_LIBRARY widget-plugin-library_${PROJECT_NAME_LOWER})
+qt_add_library(${WIDGET_PLUGIN_LIBRARY}
     textview.cpp textview.h
     widgetplugin.cpp widgetplugin.h
 )
-target_sources(widget-plugin-library PRIVATE
+target_sources(${WIDGET_PLUGIN_LIBRARY} PRIVATE
     textview.cpp textview.h
     treeview.cpp treeview.h
     widgetplugin.cpp widgetplugin.h
 )
-set_target_properties(widget-plugin-library PROPERTIES
+set_target_properties(${WIDGET_PLUGIN_LIBRARY} PROPERTIES
     WIN32_EXECUTABLE TRUE
     MACOSX_BUNDLE TRUE
 )
-target_link_libraries(widget-plugin-library
+target_link_libraries(${WIDGET_PLUGIN_LIBRARY}
     PUBLIC Qt::UiPlugin Qt::Core Qt::Gui Qt::Widgets
 )
 
-install(TARGETS widget-plugin-library
+install(TARGETS ${WIDGET_PLUGIN_LIBRARY}
     RUNTIME DESTINATION "${QT_PLUGIN_LIBRARY_DIR}"
     BUNDLE DESTINATION "${QT_PLUGIN_LIBRARY_DIR}"
     LIBRARY DESTINATION "${QT_PLUGIN_LIBRARY_DIR}"
 )
 
-generate_export_header(widget-plugin-library)
+generate_export_header(${WIDGET_PLUGIN_LIBRARY}
+    BASE_NAME widget_plugin_library
+    EXPORT_FILE_NAME "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/widget-plugin-library_export.h"
+)
 
 # Creating the collection
-
+set(WIDGET_PLUGIN_COLLECTION widget-plugin-collection_${PROJECT_NAME_LOWER})
-qt_add_library(widget-plugin-collection
+qt_add_library(${WIDGET_PLUGIN_COLLECTION}
     widgetplugincollection.cpp widgetplugincollection.h
 )
-target_link_libraries(widget-plugin-collection
+target_link_libraries(${WIDGET_PLUGIN_COLLECTION}
-    Qt6::Widgets Qt6::UiPlugin widget-plugin-library
+    Qt6::Widgets Qt6::UiPlugin ${WIDGET_PLUGIN_LIBRARY}
 )
-install(TARGETS widget-plugin-collection
+install(TARGETS ${WIDGET_PLUGIN_COLLECTION}
     RUNTIME DESTINATION "${QT_PLUGIN_INSTALL_DIR}"
     BUNDLE DESTINATION "${QT_PLUGIN_INSTALL_DIR}"
     LIBRARY DESTINATION "${QT_PLUGIN_INSTALL_DIR}"
@@ -101,10 +117,11 @@ configure_file("${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/app-dir.h.in"
     @ONLY
 )
 
-qt_add_executable(widget-app
+set(WIDGET_APP widget-app_${PROJECT_NAME_LOWER})
+qt_add_executable(${WIDGET_APP}
     widgetapp.cpp widgetapp.h widgetapp.ui
     main.cpp
 )
-target_link_libraries(widget-app
+target_link_libraries(${WIDGET_APP}
-    PRIVATE Qt::Widgets widget-plugin-library
+    PRIVATE Qt::Widgets ${WIDGET_PLUGIN_LIBRARY}
 )

cpp/qt/designer-plugin-collection/app-dir.h

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #ifndef APPDIR_H_IN
 #define APPDIR_H_IN
 
-#define APP_DIR "/home/kapper/Code/klips/cpp/qt/designer-plugin-collection"
+#define APP_DIR "/media/shaun/Storage/Code/klips/cpp/qt/designer-plugin-collection"
 
 #endif // APPDIR_H_IN

cpp/qt/designer-plugin/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ################################################################################
 ## Author: Shaun Reed                                                         ##
-## Legal: All Content (c) 2022 Shaun Reed, all rights reserved                ##
+## Legal: All Content (c) 2025 Shaun Reed, all rights reserved                ##
 ## About: Example of making widget plugins for Qt Designer                    ##
 ##                                                                            ##
 ## Contact: shaunrd0@gmail.com  | URL: www.shaunreed.com | GitHub: shaunrd0   ##
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@ project(
     DESCRIPTION     "Example of a widget plugin for Qt Designer"
     LANGUAGES       CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
+# Lowercase string to use as a slug for executable names for identification.
+string(TOLOWER ${PROJECT_NAME} PROJECT_NAME_LOWER)
 
 include(GenerateExportHeader)
 
@@ -42,35 +45,44 @@ endif()
 set(QT_INSTALL_DIR "${QT_DIR}/6.3.1/gcc_64/" CACHE PATH "Path to Qt6 install")
 list(APPEND CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH "${QT_INSTALL_DIR}")
 
-find_package(Qt6 REQUIRED COMPONENTS UiPlugin Core Gui Widgets)
+find_package(Qt6 COMPONENTS UiPlugin Core Gui Widgets)
+if (NOT Qt6_FOUND)
+    message(
+        FATAL_ERROR
+        "[Klips] Error: CMake was unable to find Qt6 libraries.\n"
+        "The example will not be built until the build is configured with these packages installed.\n"
+        "On Ubuntu 24.04 Qt6 can be installed using apt:\n"
+        "  sudo apt-get install qt6-base-dev qt6-tools-dev\n"
+    )
+endif()
 
 # Creating the plugin
-
+set(WIDGET_PLUGIN widget-plugin_${PROJECT_NAME_LOWER})
-qt_add_library(widget-plugin)
+qt_add_library(${WIDGET_PLUGIN})
-target_sources(widget-plugin PRIVATE
+target_sources(${WIDGET_PLUGIN} PRIVATE
     text-view.cpp text-view.h
     widget-plugin.cpp widget-plugin.h
 )
-set_target_properties(widget-plugin PROPERTIES
+set_target_properties(${WIDGET_PLUGIN} PROPERTIES
     WIN32_EXECUTABLE TRUE
     MACOSX_BUNDLE TRUE
 )
-target_link_libraries(widget-plugin PUBLIC
+target_link_libraries(${WIDGET_PLUGIN} PUBLIC
     Qt::UiPlugin Qt::Core Qt::Gui Qt::Widgets
 )
 
-install(TARGETS widget-plugin
+install(TARGETS ${WIDGET_PLUGIN}
     RUNTIME DESTINATION "${QT_PLUGIN_INSTALL_DIR}"
     BUNDLE DESTINATION "${QT_PLUGIN_INSTALL_DIR}"
     LIBRARY DESTINATION "${QT_PLUGIN_INSTALL_DIR}"
 )
 
 # Application that will use the widget plugin
-
+set(WIDGET_APP widget-app_${PROJECT_NAME_LOWER})
-qt_add_executable(widget-app
+qt_add_executable(${WIDGET_APP}
     widget-app.cpp widget-app.h widget-app.ui
     main.cpp
 )
-target_link_libraries(widget-app PRIVATE
+target_link_libraries(${WIDGET_APP} PRIVATE
-    Qt::Widgets widget-plugin
+    Qt::Widgets ${WIDGET_PLUGIN}
 )

cpp/qt/designer/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ################################################################################
 ## Author: Shaun Reed                                                         ##
-## Legal: All Content (c) 2022 Shaun Reed, all rights reserved                ##
+## Legal: All Content (c) 2025 Shaun Reed, all rights reserved                ##
 ## About: Practice project for using Qt Designer with custom C++ widgets      ##
 ##                                                                            ##
 ## Contact: shaunrd0@gmail.com  | URL: www.shaunreed.com | GitHub: shaunrd0   ##
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project(
     DESCRIPTION     "Practice using Qt designer for desktop applications"
     LANGUAGES       CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 add_compile_options(-Wall)
 set(CMAKE_INCLUDE_CURRENT_DIR ON)
@@ -28,7 +29,16 @@ set(QT_DIR "$ENV{HOME}/Code/Clones/Qt/6.3.1/gcc_64/" CACHE PATH "Path to Qt6")
 
 list(APPEND CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH "${QT_DIR}")
 
-find_package(Qt6 REQUIRED COMPONENTS Core Gui Widgets)
+find_package(Qt6 COMPONENTS Core Gui Widgets)
+if (NOT Qt6_FOUND)
+  message(
+      FATAL_ERROR
+      "[Klips] Error: CMake was unable to find Qt6 libraries.\n"
+      "The example will not be built until the build is configured with these packages installed.\n"
+      "On Ubuntu 24.04 Qt6 can be installed using apt:\n"
+      "  sudo apt-get install qt6-base-dev qt6-tools-dev\n"
+  )
+endif()
 
 qt_add_executable(designer
     designer.cpp designer.h designer.ui

cpp/qt/slots/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ################################################################################
 ## Author: Shaun Reed                                                         ##
-## Legal: All Content (c) 2022 Shaun Reed, all rights reserved                ##
+## Legal: All Content (c) 2025 Shaun Reed, all rights reserved                ##
 ## About: Practice project for using signals and slots in Qt                  ##
 ##                                                                            ##
 ## Contact: shaunrd0@gmail.com  | URL: www.shaunreed.com | GitHub: shaunrd0   ##
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ project(
     DESCRIPTION     "Practice using signals and slots in Qt 6"
     LANGUAGES       CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 add_compile_options(-Wall)
 set(CMAKE_INCLUDE_CURRENT_DIR ON)
@@ -28,7 +29,16 @@ set(QT_DIR "$ENV{HOME}/Code/Clones/Qt/6.3.1/gcc_64/" CACHE PATH "Path to Qt6")
 
 list(APPEND CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH "${QT_DIR}")
 
-find_package(Qt6 REQUIRED COMPONENTS Core Gui Widgets)
+find_package(Qt6 COMPONENTS Core Gui Widgets)
+if (NOT Qt6_FOUND)
+  message(
+      FATAL_ERROR
+      "[Klips] Error: CMake was unable to find Qt6 libraries.\n"
+      "The example will not be built until the build is configured with these packages installed.\n"
+      "On Ubuntu 24.04 Qt6 can be installed using apt:\n"
+      "  sudo apt-get install qt6-base-dev qt6-tools-dev\n"
+  )
+endif()
 
 qt_add_executable(slots
     text-view.cpp text-view.h

cpp/qt/slots/text-view.h

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ public:
 
 public:
 signals:
-  void sendTest()QWidget;
+  void sendTest();
 
 private:
 signals:

esp/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# esp
+
+```bash
+shaunrd0/klips/esp/
+├── cpp     # Examples of ESP32 projects written in C++
+├── rust    # Examples of ESP32 projects written in Rust
+└── README.md
+```

esp/cpp/04_esp-idf-arduino/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ project(
     DESCRIPTION "Example ESP-IDF cmake project"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 # For writing pure cmake components, see the documentation
 # https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/stable/esp32/api-guides/build-system.html#writing-pure-cmake-components

esp/cpp/05_temp-humidity-web/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ project(
     DESCRIPTION "Temperature and humidity from DHT sensor served on a web page"
     LANGUAGES   CXX
 )
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
 
 # For writing pure cmake components, see the documentation
 # https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/stable/esp32/api-guides/build-system.html#writing-pure-cmake-components

esp/cpp/06_i2c-scanner/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+build
+managed_components
+dependencies.lock
+sdkconfig.old

esp/cpp/06_i2c-scanner/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+# For more information about build system see
+# https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/latest/api-guides/build-system.html
+# The following five lines of boilerplate have to be in your project's
+# CMakeLists in this exact order for cmake to work correctly
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.26)
+
+include($ENV{IDF_PATH}/tools/cmake/project.cmake)
+
+project(
+    #[[NAME]]   i2c-scanner
+    VERSION     0.1
+    DESCRIPTION "Simple I2C device scanner"
+    LANGUAGES   CXX
+)
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
+# For writing pure cmake components, see the documentation
+# https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/stable/esp32/api-guides/build-system.html#writing-pure-cmake-components
+idf_build_set_property(COMPILE_OPTIONS "-Wno-error" APPEND)

esp/cpp/06_i2c-scanner/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+# 06_i2c-scanner
+
+![schematic](./schematic.png)
+
+Simple I2C device scanner.
+
+For this example I used this [SSD1306 OLED display](https://www.digikey.com/en/products/detail/winstar-display/WEA012864DWPP3N00003/20533255).
+
+To build the example run the following commands.
+
+```bash
+source ~/path/to/esp-idf/export.sh
+
+mkdir build
+cd build
+cmake ..
+make -j $(nproc)
+
+# Flash to ESP32
+make flash
+
+# Open Serial Monitor, press CTRL+] to exit.
+make monitor
+```
+
+Expected output in serial monitor at 115200 baud
+
+```bash
+Scanning I2C devices...
+[0x3c]: Device found with clock rate 100000 and timeout 50
+Done.
+```

esp/cpp/06_i2c-scanner/main/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+idf_component_register(
+    SRCS "main.cpp"
+    INCLUDE_DIRS "."
+)

esp/cpp/06_i2c-scanner/main/idf_component.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+## IDF Component Manager Manifest File
+dependencies:
+  ## Required IDF version
+  idf:
+    version: '>=5.3.0'
+  # # Put list of dependencies here
+  # # For components maintained by Espressif:
+  # component: "~1.0.0"
+  # # For 3rd party components:
+  # username/component: ">=1.0.0,<2.0.0"
+  # username2/component2:
+  #   version: "~1.0.0"
+  #   # For transient dependencies `public` flag can be set.
+  #   # `public` flag doesn't have an effect dependencies of the `main` component.
+  #   # All dependencies of `main` are public by default.
+  #   public: true
+  espressif/arduino-esp32: ^3.1.1

esp/cpp/06_i2c-scanner/main/main.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#include "Arduino.h"
+#include "Wire.h"
+
+[[maybe_unused]] static const char *TAG = "i2c-scanner";
+
+void i2c_scan()
+{
+  uint8_t device_num = 0;
+  Serial.println("Scanning I2C devices...");
+  for (byte address = 1; address < 127; address++) {
+    Wire.beginTransmission(address);
+    byte error = Wire.endTransmission();
+    if (error == 0) {
+      Serial.printf(
+          "[0x%.2x]: Device found with clock rate %lu and timeout %u\n",
+          address,
+          Wire.getClock(), Wire.getTimeOut());
+      device_num++;
+    } else if (error == 4) {
+      Serial.printf("[0x%.2x]: Unknown error.\n", address);
+    }
+  }
+  Serial.println(device_num > 0 ? "Done.\n" : "No I2C devices found.\n");
+}
+
+void setup()
+{
+  Serial.begin(115200);
+  Wire.begin();
+}
+
+void loop()
+{
+  i2c_scan();
+}

esp/cpp/07_lcd-panel-i2c/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+build
+managed_components
+dependencies.lock
+sdkconfig.old

esp/cpp/07_lcd-panel-i2c/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+# For more information about build system see
+# https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/latest/api-guides/build-system.html
+# The following five lines of boilerplate have to be in your project's
+# CMakeLists in this exact order for cmake to work correctly
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.26)
+
+include($ENV{IDF_PATH}/tools/cmake/project.cmake)
+
+project(
+    #[[NAME]]   lcd-panel-i2c
+    VERSION     0.1
+    DESCRIPTION "Using the SSD1306 LCD display with ESP-IDF and LVGL over I2C"
+    LANGUAGES   CXX
+)
+message(STATUS "[Klips] Configuring example: ${PROJECT_NAME}")
+# For writing pure cmake components, see the documentation
+# https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/stable/esp32/api-guides/build-system.html#writing-pure-cmake-components
+idf_build_set_property(COMPILE_OPTIONS "-Wno-error" APPEND)

esp/cpp/07_lcd-panel-i2c/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# 07_lcd-panel-i2c
+
+Using the ESP IDF for drawing to a LCD screen over I2C.
+
+[ESP IDF - I2C](https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/v5.3.2/esp32/api-reference/peripherals/i2c.html)
+
+[ESP IDF - LCD](https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/v5.3.2/esp32/api-reference/peripherals/lcd/index.html)
+
+[ESP IDF - FreeRTOS](https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/v5.3.2/esp32/api-reference/system/freertos.html)
+
+![schematic](./schematic.png)
+
+![example](./example.gif)
+
+For instructions on setting up the ESP-IDF see [04_-esp-idf-arduino](./../04_esp-idf-arduino)
+
+To build this example run the following commands.
+
+```bash
+source ~/path/to/esp-idf/export.sh
+
+mkdir build
+cd build
+cmake ..
+make -j $(nproc)
+make flash
+```